Thomas Paine Network

Consensual Economics or Coercion:
Beyond Capitalism and Socialism

by Jack R. Jones

The "RIVERDALE OBSERVER" is an individualy written, produced and distributed broadside newspaper dealing with one topic per issue as it relates to Riverdale Park, Prince Georges County, Maryland, United States of America, Earth, Milkyway Galaxy, Universe, and Beyond (the editor does not wish to be too limited in subject matter). It is distributed in small numbers at a local coffee shop and the occasional town fair. The editor is looking for opportunities for wider distribution locally, and also welcomes the wider distribution of ideas globally via the world wide web.


ABSTRACT:

This is a concept for an economic/ecological interpretation of society which is neither "LEFT" nor "RIGHT",and gives an explanation of why basic tax reform is needed. The inspirational books by Fernand Braudel called "Civilization and Capitalism (Vol I, THE STRUCTURES OF EVERYDAY LIFE, The Limits of the Possible; Vol II, THE WHEELS OF COMMERCE; and Vol III, THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE WORLD) serve as the basis for this interpretation. In the preface to the work Fernand Braudel stated that if you put two thowsand economist in to a room and asked for a definition of "capitalism" you would get two thousand different answers. The novelty of Braudel's theory is that there is not one economy but three economies operating in the world, and that they are in competition and opposition with each other. In some sense of a broad deffinition of capitalism, each of these three economies capitalistic. The degree of choice, mode of operation, relationships to each other, and the history of each is better understood by giving each economy a different name for the purpose of analysis and that is a better description overall.

THE THREE ECONOMIES ARE:

    1) the "Community Economy", the material life consisting of the world of self-sufficiency, bartering of goods and services, and benevolent organizations and cooperative activities.

    2) The "Market Economy", which still controls the great mass of transactions that show up in the statistics today. Yet free competition, which is the distinctive characteristic of an unrestricted marketplace, is scarcely found in today's economy.

    3) The "Capitalist Economy", today as in the past is Corporate Statism/Mercantilism involving big finances, and multi-regional or multi-national investments. For most of its history, the capitalist economy has been dominated by government-monopoly capitalism, as in such cases as the big Indies companies, as well as monopolies of all sizes, official and unofficial, which have existed analogous in principle to our current monopolies.

If economics is discussed with people of the "RIGHT" and of the "LEFT" a very common view is held that the "Market Economy" and "Capitalist Economy" are one and the same. Interestingly enough, Braudel asserts quite the opposite and theorizes that rather than being the same they are actually in opposition to one another. He also realized that the "Market Economy" and "Community Economy" are in opposition to each other as well. The "Community Economy" is the economy where the majority of the transactions taking place are for reasons which might be considered social in nature: family economics, one neighbor helping another because one day they might like the favor returned, and various non-profit organizations, such as community groups, churches, cooperatives, or inter-regional or international benevolent associations, are examples of "Community Economy" economic activities. (We have expanded Braudel's category here, in order to explicitly include cooperative or benevolent organizations of any size.) Braudel sees something of an evolutionary process going on between the three different economies. What he has to say seems to be much like the balance in a natural ecosystem, with primary producers which support the herbivores, which in turn support the carnivores. If any group increases or decreases too much the whole ecology collapses. So it is with economics. If any of these levels gets out of balance then the whole economy diminishes. Such a triadic viewpoint as Braudel's should allow a discussion of economics without the knee jerk reactions to words like "capitalism" and "anti-capitalism" or "socialism" and "anti-socialism".

THE ECONOMIES UNBALANCED

The present situation is that the ecology of these economies is out of balance. A significant factor in this destructive balance is the collusion between "Government" and "Capital" to separate the "Market" and "Community" economies from their own resources, possessions, productive capabilities, and livelihood. The most effective way this is accomplished at present is through mandatory taxation, land subsidy, and conscripted labor.

The land subsidy from the government, involving grants of titles to large amounts of land, allows the "Capitalist Economy" to accumulate unbalanced amounts of wealth, through privileged access to natural resources, and by living off rent collected from those who live or work on those large tracts of land. Economist call this rent-seeking. In addition, the subsidies from taxes and the draft allow government and trans-national corporations to transfer the more costly activities occurring in the "Capitalist Economy", such as defense, infrastructure, education, etc., to the "Market" and "Community" economic strata. This makes it possible for the capitalists to engage in more lucrative activities such as international trading and investment banking, while having their investments protected as well as their training of new workers, etc. done by others, via the draft and taxes. If economics were truly consensual then "Capitalists" and "Governments" would not be able to receive subsidies of land, taxes, or use conscripted labor, that allows them to exploit the "Market" and the "Community" economies for their own excessive benefit. With consensual economics, "Capitalists" would have to pay their own cost of survival, and could prosper only to the degree that they benefited all three levels of the economy. They cannot exist if the first two levels of economy do not exist.

The status quo is that "Government" is interfering with the natural costs of "Capitalist" doing business by transferring resources from the "Community" and the "Market", especially in the form of taxes. Government is also increasing its tax base by moving activities traditionally found in the "Community Economy" into a licensed and regulated market activity so it too can be taxed - an example from the 1980's is the making of an industry by regulation of child care. Over the past couple hundred years more and more of these voluntary communal exchanges have been brought under regulation, licensing, and taxation. Here we also have the "socialist" (desire to achieve equality in material wealth) aspect of the "Community Economy" working together with the "capitalist" (desire for monopoly), both using the "Government" for restricting the free trade of the "Market" through involuntary limitation of choice and production of surplus, that would arise from the free association in the "Market". This regulation, licensing and taxing is done for the alleged common good, yet what is the major effect other than to restrict alternative producers, thereby further increasing the wealth of the capitalists and the power of politicians, as well as providing more taxes as welfare to "Government", and to "Capitalist" or "State controlled socialist" monopolies?

The economic power needs to be left to operate in a consensual way in all matters. People must be free to act in their own self interest, and in the interest of others, which is the principle behind cooperation and free association. The benefit of cooperation is greatest when people are free to make their choice of association based on an optimization of their individual diversity. Each person's subjective valuation of relations and exchanges will allow them to find a group where they will meet needs and have needs met. The choice is ours - free association and prosperity in a balanced, diversified economy, or statist coercion in an imbalanced, ever declining economy and society.

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